Nebraska Landlord Tenant Laws

Contents

DISCLAIMER

This article provides general information and is not legal advice. For accuracy and specific guidance on landlord-tenant laws, consult an attorney before making any decisions or taking action.

Overview

DEPOSIT

  • Landlords in Nebraska can charge a security deposit equal to one month's rent.
  • Security deposits must be returned within 14 days after the lease ends, along with an itemized statement of deductions.
  • Landlords can deduct unpaid rent, utilities, late fees, damages beyond normal wear and tear, and cleaning costs.
  • Landlords are not required to pay interest.

RENT CONTROL

  • Nebraska has no rent control laws.
  • Landlords must give at least 60 days written notice when increasing rent.

NOTICE OF ENTRY LAWS

  • Landlords must give at least 24 hours notice before entering the premise for repairs or inspections (except in the case of an emergency).

RE-KEYING LAWS

  • No statute.

RENTAL AGREEMENT

  • Oral rental agreements are allowed for leases of less than a year.
  • It is always advisable to have a written lease, even for shorter term leases.

LATE FEES & GRACE PERIODS

  • Landlords are allowed to charge a 'reasonable' late fee.
  • Nebraska does not mandate a grace period.
  • Late fees should be written in the lease.

SMOKING LAWS

  • Landlords have the right to prohibit smoking in their properties but their non smoking policy must be outlined in the lease.

PET LAWS

  • A pet deposit may be charged, not exceeding one-quarter of a month's rent, (excluding service dogs and emotional support animals).

SECTION 1

1. Nebraska Landlord-Tenant Rights and Responsibilities 

The Nebraska Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act outlines the rights and responsibilities of landlords and tenants in Nebraska. Below is a summary of some of these rights and responsibilities. 

Tenant’s Rights and Responsibilities

Under Nebraska landlord-tenant law, specifically Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1421, tenants are required to maintain the property in a clean and safe manner. Key responsibilities include:

  • Compliance: Adhere to all relevant building and housing codes that impact health and safety.
  • Cleanliness: Keep the rental unit in as clean and safe a condition as possible.
  • Waste Disposal: Dispose of waste properly and safely.
  • Plumbing Maintenance: Ensure plumbing fixtures are kept clean as conditions allow.
  • Proper Use: Utilize all appliances and facilities correctly, including electrical, plumbing, heating, and common areas.
  • Prevent Damage: Avoid causing damage through negligence or misuse by themselves, their guests, or other occupants.
  • Respect Neighbors: Ensure that they do not disturb neighbors and prevent others from doing the same.
  • Follow Regulations: Comply with any applicable condominium, cooperative housing, and neighborhood association rules that do not conflict with the landlord's rights or duties.

Landlord’s Rights and Responsibilities

The Nebraska Landlord Tenant Act, found in Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1419, mandates that landlords keep the property safe and habitable. Their responsibilities include:

  • Compliance: Follow all building and housing codes that affect health and safety.
  • Repairs: Perform necessary repairs to maintain safety and habitability.
  • Common Areas: Maintain cleanliness and safety in all shared areas.
  • Facility Maintenance: Ensure all electrical, plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning systems are in safe working order.
  • Waste Management: Provide proper waste disposal facilities and arrange for trash removal.
  • Utilities: Supply running water, hot water, and heating as conditions permit.

For single-family residences, tenants may assume the landlord's responsibilities for waste disposal, heating, repairs, and maintenance if:

  1. Both parties agree and sign a separate written agreement.
  2. The agreement specifies the tenant's responsibilities.
  3. The tenant is compensated for taking on these additional duties as per Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1419.(2)

Required Notices Before Entry

Are landlords in Nebraska required to give notice before entering the property?

In Nebraska, landlords are required to provide at least 24 hours' notice before entering a rental property, and they may only do so at reasonable times, as stated in Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1423(1).  

Are landlords in Nebraska allowed to enter the property to conduct maintenance and repairs? 

Regarding maintenance and repairs, landlords are permitted to enter the property for these purposes, provided they give the required notice. This applies to non-emergency situations, allowing landlords to conduct necessary inspections, repairs, or alterations after notifying the tenant in advance (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1423(1)).

Late Fee for Rent and Grace Periods in Nebraska

In Nebraska, landlords are allowed to impose late rent fees  if a tenant does not pay rent by the due date. However, the fee should be ‘reasonable’ and it is important for landlords to clearly outline any late fees in the lease or rental agreement; otherwise, these fees may not be enforceable in court. (§§ 76-1414(1))

In cases where a check is returned due to insufficient funds, the maximum fee that can be charged is $10. 

There is no mandatory grace period for rent in Nebraska (§§ 76-1414(3))

Source: LANDLORD AND TENANT HANDBOOK | Legal Aid of Nebraska, 76-1419 | Nebraska Legislature (.gov).

SECTION 2

2. Nebraska Rent Increase Laws

Landlords are required to provide clear communication and sufficient notice to tenants before raising rent. Tenants should also review their lease agreements to understand their rights under Nebraska law and the Fair Housing Act. 

Does Nebraska Have Rent Control Laws?

Nebraska does not impose any rent control laws, allowing landlords to increase rent without a legal limit. However, any rent increase must be reasonable and cannot be implemented in a discriminatory manner.

Tenants who suspect that their rent has been raised unfairly or without adequate notice may have legal options available. They can reach out to the Nebraska Equal Opportunity Commission or seek legal counsel for assistance.

Notice Required to Raise Rent in Nebraska

In Nebraska, landlords must provide tenants with a written notice if they intend to increase rent. The notification process is governed by statutory requirements to protect tenants from unexpected rental hikes and should clearly stating the new rent amount and the effective date of the increase.

Key Requirements for a Rent Increase Notice in Nebraska:

  • Written Notice: Landlords must notify tenants in writing of any rent increase. This ensures clarity and formality.
  • Actual Notice or Mail: Landlords must either deliver an actual notice or use United States mail.
  • 60 Days Prior: The law stipulates that landlords must notify tenants of a rent increase at least 60 days before the rent increase takes effect.

(§§ 76-1490)

Limitations to Nebraska Rent Increase Laws

In Nebraska, landlords cannot raise rent under certain conditions unless specified in the lease agreement:

  • During the Lease Term: Rent cannot be increased in the middle of a fixed-term lease unless otherwise stated.
  • Retaliatory Actions: Landlords are prohibited from increasing rent in response to a tenant's protected actions, such as filing a complaint.

Additionally, landlords cannot raise rent if they are aware that a tenant is a victim of stalking, domestic violence, or sexual assault, as this would violate protections under the Fair Housing Act.

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SECTION 3

3. Nebraska Rental Application Laws

Nebraska has specific laws governing rental applications, and non-compliance can result in legal action from applicants. 

Maximum Application Fee Limit In Nebraska

There are no statutory limits on rental application fees in Nebraska. Additionally, any rental application fees collected are non-refundable for tenants.

Housing Discrimination In Nebraska

While Nebraska does not have a specific state law addressing housing discrimination, the Fair Housing Act (FHA) applies. Under the FHA, it is illegal to discriminate against applicants based on race, nationality, religion, sex, familial status, disability, or criminal history. 

As a result, landlords cannot request information related to these characteristics on rental applications or consider them in their decision-making process.

Notice of Eligibility

Landlords must inform potential tenants about the criteria used for screening and the reasons for any potential denial or approval. To confirm that this information has been communicated, applicants must provide a signature acknowledging receipt of this information, either on the application or as an accompanying document.

Tenant Screening Laws In Nebraska

Nebraska tenant screening laws are a little different from other states. Here are a few things that landlords need to know:

  • There are no state-imposed limits on how much landlords can charge for application fees.
  • Application fees are non-refundable, while security deposits are refundable.
  • Landlords must follow legal requirements during the tenant screening process.

Consent for Credit Checks In Nebraska

According to the Federal Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), potential tenants must consent to any credit checks required by landlords. This consent must be documented through written acknowledgment on the application form.

Essential Components of a Nebraska Rental Application

To create an effective rental application process in Nebraska, it is recommended to include the following key elements: 

  • Personal information
  • Details about employment, such as the name of a current employer
  • Income details
  • Personal references
  • Credit history
  • Rental history
  • Space for signatures granting written consent for a credit check

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SECTION 4

4. Nebraska Tenant Deposit Laws 

What Is The Maximum Security Deposit Law In Nebraska?

In Nebraska, the maximum security deposit limit is one month's rent (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1416(1)). 

Are Pet Deposits Allowed In Nebraska?

Landlords can collect a pet deposit, except for service dogs and emotional support animals. However, the pet deposit cannot exceed one-quarter of a month's rent (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1416(1)).

What Can Landlords Deduct From The Security Deposit In Nebraska?

Nebraska landlords can make the following deductions from security deposits:

  • Unpaid rent, utilities, and late fees
  • Costs of damage, beyond normal wear and tear
  • Costs due to a breach of the lease agreement
  • Cleaning costs

(Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1416(2))

Do Landlords Need To Give An Itemized Receipt Of Deductions In Nebraska?

Should the landlord decide to make deductions from the security deposit they need to provide the tenants with a written itemization receipt of the deductions, along with the remaining security deposit amount within 14 days after the termination of the tenancy. (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1412(2))

How Must Nebraska Landlords Hold Security Deposits?

Nebraska law does not require landlords to hold security deposits separately from other funds. Some states mandate how and where security deposits are held, but Nebraska does not. 

How Long Do Landlords In Nebraska Have To Return Security Deposits?

Landlords in Nebraska have 14 days after the tenancy ends to return the security deposit. Landlords must return the security deposit by mail or hand-delivery to the tenant's forwarding address, along with the itemized statement of any deductions.

If the tenant does not provide a forwarding address or delivery instructions, the landlord must send the written notice and remaining security deposit, if any, to the tenant's last known address by first-class mail.

If the security deposit is returned as undeliverable or unclaimed by the tenant after one year, it must be reported to the State Treasurer as unclaimed property.

(Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1412(2))

Do Landlords Need To Pay Interest On Security Deposits In Nebraska?

Nebraska law does not obligate landlords to pay interest on held security deposits. 

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SECTION 5

5. Nebraska Rental Agreement Laws

A lease agreement in Nebraska is a formal contract between a landlord (lessor) and a tenant (lessee) that outlines the regulations governing tenancy and occupancy rights within the state. 

According to Nebraska law, a standard lease should clearly define the terms and conditions of the rental, as well as the rights and responsibilities of both parties, providing legal protection for each.

Are Oral Lease Agreements Allowed in Nebraska?

Yes, oral lease agreements are allowed in Nebraska under certain conditions.

  • A rental agreement may be written or oral, as long as it is for a duration of one year or less. (Neb. Rev. Stat. 76-1410)
  • An oral rental agreement is legally binding and that the terms are enforceable as long as both parties have mutually agreed upon them. (Neb. Rev. Stat. 76-1414)

Essential Components of a Nebraska Lease Agreement

To ensure a smooth rental experience, the following key elements should be included in a Nebraska lease agreement:

  • Identification of Parties: Names and contact information of both the landlord and tenant.
  • Property Description: Details about the rental property and any relevant disclosures.
  • Lease Terms: Specific conditions and duration of the lease.
  • Rent and Security Deposit: Information regarding the rent amount and security deposit requirements.
  • Maintenance Responsibilities: Outline of each party's obligations concerning property maintenance and repairs.
  • Utilities and Services: Details about available utilities and the responsibilities for their maintenance.
  • Termination and Renewal Conditions: Terms related to early termination of the lease and renewal options.
  • Additional Clauses: Provisions regarding rent increases, subletting, property usage, and any renovations or alterations.

Including these components helps to establish clear expectations and responsibilities, thereby minimizing potential disputes between landlords and tenants.

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SECTION 6

6. Nebraska Laws Around Breaking a Lease for Landlords and Tenants

Ending a lease early can be challenging for both tenants and landlords, but lease agreements typically include provisions for such situations. These provisions may require tenants to pay termination fees or outline the landlord's obligation to find a replacement tenant. 

Nebraska law does provide certain protections that allow both parties to break a lease without penalties under specific circumstances, making it essential for landlords and tenants to understand these regulations.

Notice Requirements to End a Rental Lease in Nebraska

  • Notice Required to Terminate Tenancy A Week-to-Week Tenancy: 7 days prior to the termination date specified in the notice (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1437(1)).
  • Notice Required to Terminate A Month-to-Month Tenancy: 30 days prior to the periodic rental date specified in the notice (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1437(2)).
  • Notice Required to Terminate A Fixed End Date in Tenancy: No notice is required as the lease simply ends. (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1437(3)
  • Holdover Tenants (Tenant Remaining After Lease Expiration):  If a tenant stays in the rental unit without the landlord’s consent after the lease term or its termination, the landlord can take legal action to regain possession. If the landlord consents to the continued occupancy, different rules apply as outlined in (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1414(4)).

Legally Valid Reasons For Breaking A Lease In Nebraska

There are specific exceptions to the general rule that tenants must pay rent for the entire lease duration if they break the lease. Tenants may legally terminate their lease early in the following situations:

  • Active Military Duty: Tenants called to active duty may have the right to break their lease.
  • Unsafe Living Conditions: If the property violates health or safety codes, tenants can terminate the lease.
  • Landlord Harassment: Instances of harassment or violations of privacy by the landlord can justify breaking the lease.
  • Job Loss: Losing a job may provide grounds for lease termination.
  • Illness or Death: Serious health issues or the death of the tenant can also be valid reasons for breaking a lease.
  • Job Transfer: A job transfer that requires relocation may allow tenants to terminate their lease early.

SECTION 7

7. Nebraska Eviction Process and Law

In Nebraska, legal eviction must be carried out through a civil court lawsuit of forcible entry and detainer, filed by the landlord against the tenant to be evicted.  

Grounds for Eviction in Nebraska

Landlords in Nebraska can only evict a tenant for valid reasons, such as:

Nebraska Eviction Notices

Before filing an eviction lawsuit, landlords must provide tenants with a written notice specifying the violation and the time to cure it, if applicable:

For Non-Payment of Rent: A 7-day Notice to Pay or Quit 

If the tenant pays within this period, eviction is halted (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1431(2)).

For Lease Violations: 30-day Notice

If a tenant breaches the rental agreement or fails to comply with health and safety requirements (Section 76-1421), the landlord can issue a written notice specifying the breach. The tenant has 14 days to remedy the issue. If they don’t remedy, the rental agreement will terminate 30 days after the notice. 

Repeated Lease Violations: 14-day Notice To Quit

If the same issue recurs within six months, the landlord can terminate the lease with 14 days' written notice. (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1431(1)).

For Violent Criminal Activity: 5-day Notice To Quit

For violent criminal activity, illegal drug activity, or health/safety threats, a 5-day notice is required, with no right to cure (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1431(4)).

Nebraska Eviction Process

The eviction process involves five key steps:

  • Landlord serves the eviction notice stating the reason and compliance deadline, if applicable.
  • Landlord files an eviction lawsuit with the court, including the legal right to evict, facts supporting the eviction, property description, and compliance with notice requirements (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1441). 
  • A summons is issued stating the complaint cause, trial details, answer deadline, and notice of default judgment for non-appearance. The summons must be served within three days and returned within five days (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1442). If personal service fails, posting and mailing is allowed (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1442.01).
  • Parties attend the hearing where evidence is presented. If the tenant doesn't appear, a default judgment is issued against them.
  • Landlord requests a writ of restitution from the court if they prevail, authorizing law enforcement to remove the tenant.
  • Landlord enforces the judgment by providing the writ to the sheriff for the tenant's physical removal.

 

SECTION 8

8. Nebraska HOA Laws

Below is a summary of key laws that govern homeowners associations (HOAs) in Nebraska:

The Nebraska Nonprofit Corporation Act

Most HOAs in Nebraska are classified as nonprofit corporations, making them subject to the Nebraska Nonprofit Corporation Act. This legislation outlines the organizational structure and operational guidelines for nonprofit entities. (The Nebraska Nonprofit Corporation Act)

For inquiries about the corporate status of a specific HOA, individuals can contact the Nebraska Secretary of State

Nebraska Condominium Act

The Nebraska Condominium Act applies to condominium regimes established after January 1, 1984. A condominium regime is created when a declaration or master deed is filed with the local registrar of deeds. (Nebraska Condominium Act)

Nebraska Condominium Property Act

This act governs the design, management, and operation of condominium regimes that were created before January 1, 1984. (Nebraska Condominium Property Act)

Nebraska Fair Housing Act

The Nebraska Fair Housing Act, enacted on September 6, 1991, prohibits housing discrimination and complements the federal Fair Housing Act. Its purpose is to eliminate discrimination in real estate transactions, including buying, renting, and using property. Discrimination based on race, religion, sex, national origin, color, disability, or familial status is illegal. (Nebraska Fair Housing Act)

These laws collectively ensure that HOAs operate within a framework that promotes fairness and transparency while protecting the rights of homeowners in Nebraska.

SECTION 9

9. Nebraska Squatters Rights Laws

In Nebraska, squatters' rights allow individuals who do not own property to claim ownership through continuous possession under specific conditions. These rights are based on the principle of adverse possession, which enables someone to obtain legal title to a property without purchasing it.

Requirements to Make an Adverse Possession Claim

To successfully claim squatters' rights in Nebraska, individuals must meet the following criteria:

  • Actual Possession: The squatter must physically occupy and use the property as an owner would. This includes regular maintenance, such as landscaping and upkeep.
  • Hostile Possession: This does not imply malicious intent; rather, it means occupying the property without the owner's permission. This can also include situations where the squatter occupies the property in good faith, unaware that their presence is unauthorized.
  • Continuous Possession: The squatter must occupy the property continuously for a minimum of 10 years. During this time, they must also pay any property taxes assessed on the land and demonstrate ongoing improvements to the property.
  • Open and Notorious Possession: The squatter's occupancy must be obvious and not concealed from the property owner. Attempts to hide their presence can invalidate an adverse possession claim.
  • Exclusive Possession: The property must be occupied solely by the squatter, without shared control or occupancy with others, including the legal owner.

Source: Adverse possession | Nebraska Legislature (.gov).

SECTION 10

10. Nebraska Landlord Tenant Legal Resources

Below, you’ll find some helpful Nebraska landlord–tenant law resources:

Documents and Forms

Legal Resources

Nebraska Housing Authorities

Nebraska REALTORS® Associations

Nebraska Landlord Associations

DISCLAIMER: This article provides general information and is not legal advice. For accuracy and specific guidance on landlord-tenant laws, consult an attorney before making any decisions or taking action.